World War I and World War II were significant events in Black history, as African Americans played crucial roles in both conflicts despite facing discrimination and segregation in the military and society. During World War I, approximately 400,000 Black soldiers served in segregated units in the United States military. The most famous among them were the Harlem Hellfighters, the 369th Infantry Regiment, which spent more time in combat than any other American unit during the war.

In World War II, over one million Black men and women served in the armed forces, with the majority assigned to segregated units. The Tuskegee Airmen, an all-Black group of pilots who trained at Tuskegee Army Air Field, made significant contributions to the war effort by escorting bombers on missions in Europe. The 761st Tank Battalion, also known as the "Black Panthers," was another notable unit that fought bravely in Europe.

Despite their service and sacrifices, Black soldiers often faced discrimination, both in the military and upon their return home. The Double V campaign, which stood for victory against fascism abroad and victory against racism at home, emerged during World War II as a rallying cry for civil rights and equality.

Overall, the experiences of Black soldiers during World War I and World War II helped to pave the way for the Civil Rights Movement and challenged the systemic racism and segregation that existed in the United States at that time.